With your configuration you will need:
$ vagrant up $ vagrant rsync-auto
And on another terminal you can do:
$ vagrant ssh
And your application folder should be updated on the virtual machine when changing in your development environment.
But I am setting up my synchronization folders with the basic use of Vagrant , this means without the type option (let the tramp choose the best type, it also syncs):
config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant"
And I use one terminal for stray things, only with these commands:
$ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
Answer 1) If you need to use rsync, yes, this is the expected behavior: folders will not be updated unless you run vagrant rsync-auto (I tested this option)
Answer 2) You should expect a decrease in performance when working with a virtual machine, because you had limited memory and processor processors (if you do not work in Windows, I do not test it).
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