If everyone else is using VS2010 SP1, then updating the solution is not a problem. People will still be able to open it in VS2010 SP1, even if you check it. See Visual Studio 2013 compatibility notes on MSDN for specific things to keep an eye on.
Alternatively, after checking the files, but before opening the .sln file, create a copy of it in the same folder, calling it MyProject2013.sln (for example). Add this new solution to the original control using the Source Control Explorer, and then open it, allowing Visual Studio to update the .sln file as usual. The .sln 2010 file will be left untouched, and you should be fine to do what you like with the 2013 solution.
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