In my eyes, a continuous survey is never a good solution. I would advise you to use Push, so your server notifies the application as soon as new content arrives. This saves a lot of battery on your device because it only woke up if there really is an update. Push Notification Services is built specifically for this purpose.
Look at the excellent Push Plugin for Phonegap , which works for iOS, Android and even more platforms. To set up Push Plugin for iOS and Android, you can read the Holly Shinsky tutorial here .
In the Ray Wenderlich tutorial, here you will find information on how you could describe the back end in detail.
If you really want to stick to the survey, I know there is an opportunity to do it on iOS (see this article about Background Fetch ), not sure about Android (I think you will need to implement the Service). However, I never found a Phonegap plugin that handles background execution for both platforms accordingly.
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