In addition to the other answers, it also (at least in Chromium) works with elements with display: inline-block , so display just has to be something other than inline (including list-item ), for example:
strong { font-weight: bold; color: blue; display: inline-block; } strong::first-letter { color: red; }
JS Fiddle demo .
In addition, ::first-letter is a pseudo-element, so the syntax must be two-column, not single, to distinguish the selector from the pseudo-class.
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