Just create an indexed table of permanent helper numbers and do with it. This will lead to the execution of any other method.
See Jeff Moden for more details and a script to populate such a table. if for some reason this is not an option, this should beat the recursive CTE according to the performance tests in the linked answer.
WITH E00(N) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1), E02(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E00 a, E00 b), E04(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E02 a, E02 b), E08(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E04 a, E04 b), E16(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E08 a, E08 b), E32(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E16 a, E16 b), cteTally(N) AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY N) FROM E32) SELECT N FROM cteTally WHERE N BETWEEN 10 AND 20
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