How you get the labels on your axis depends on the build system you are using (base, ggplot2 or grid). You can use the functions from the scales package to format the axis numbers:
library(scales) x <- 10 ^ (1:10) scientific_format(1)(x) [1] "1e+01" "1e+02" "1e+03" "1e+04" "1e+05" "1e+06" "1e+07" "1e+08" "1e+09" "1e+10"
Here is an example using ggplot2 :
library(ggplot2) dat <- data.frame(x = c(102, 258, 2314), y = c(482563, 922167, 4462665)) qplot(data=dat,x=x,y=y) + scale_y_continuous(label=scientific_format(digits=1))+ theme(axis.text.y =element_text(size=50))

EDIT The OP has a definite need. Here are some ideas I used here for this:
- You can adjust the graph labels using the
axis function. - Use
mtext to place text in the outer portion of the area. - Use an expression to profit from plotmath properties ...

y <- c(102, 258, 2314) x <- c(482563, 922167, 4462665) plot(x,y,ylab='',yaxt='n') mtext(expression(10^3),adj=0,padj=-1,outer=FALSE) axis(side=2,at=y,labels=round(y/1000,2))
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