Looks like you found a bug in PHP. The PHP manual states that FILTER_VALIDATE_URL checks uris according to http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2396.html
If you read the specification, PHP obviously will not be able to correctly verify its recommendations. In particular, in section 3 (Syntactic Components URIs), he determined that a scheme (http in your case) can exist only once and precedes a single colon in uri.
You must report this error at https://bugs.php.net/
Good work on this!
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