$this->data used up to and including 1.3
$this->request->data replaced the $this->data array from cakephp 2.x onwards.
For backward compatibility, $this->data also supported.
$this->request represents a CakeRequest object and is available in Controller , Views and Helpers .
For more information: http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers/request-response.html
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