Your problem is that ✔ is an HTML object that represents ✔ in HTML, but it is just a string in JavaScript. In JavaScript, you want '✔' (raw character) or '\u2714' :
 if(document.getElementById('location').value.charAt(0) == '\u2714') alert("symbol"); else alert("not there"); 
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/ambiguous/WCdCg/
The HTML ....; notation uses decimal numbers, the JavaScript '\u....' notation uses hexadecimal. Converting 10004 to hexadecimal yields 2714. You can also use ....; in HTML if you want to use hexadecimal there as well, for example ✔ is ✔. Using just hexadecimal is probably easier than dealing with the base conversions.
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