Set the OpenDialog.Filter property to the filter for the filter. You can do this in the Object Inspector; click in the Filter property and you will see a small button on the right edge with ... Click this and you will see a dialog box. The left side is the file description (for example, Excel files (*.xls) ). The right side is the filter you want to use, as in *.xls .

You can also set it in code before displaying a dialog:
OpenDialog1.Filter := `Excel files (*.xls)|*.xls`;
Of course, replace the Excel material with any description and mask that you want to use.
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