You can back up the database only in the place that the SQL service account has access to. If you have access to a central resource on a server / network that you can access, and the service can, you can make a backup at this place and then go from your computer to pull it out.
If you just want the database structure, you can script to load the database into a file. This will allow you to save it locally. If you also need data, although a full backup is the fastest way I know of.
EDIT
I would use the T-SQL BACKUP
command and WITH COPY_ONLY
to back up the database, since you have stated that it is a "live" database. If the scheduled task backs up the database and you switch to another, you will create a database backup restore chain. Using COPY_ONLY
will allow you to get a backup copy of the database without requiring it if you need to restore it.
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