Osmdroid uses a system in which a world map is divided into tiles. Tiles usually have the same pixel size, which means that to increase the reach of the world requires a higher level of scaling, which you use more tiles. Each tile has its own coordinates (x, y) and the zoom level at which it is intended for use.
In osmdroid, you can use various custom tile sources. Take a look at this class in osmdroid - it creates instances of some tile sources. You can create your own tile sources using the same mechanism. However, all this uses these x, y coordinates of the world described above. Osmdroid will ask your tile source, for example, for a tile of 10.10 in zoom level 10. If you can create tiles of your map to work with this coordinate system, then it will work. However, this can be difficult to do for custom maps, such as F1 circuits.
I'm also interested in this and will probably try to use the osmdroid split mechanism to display some large images in the near future. If you succeed, please let me know :).
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