Difference between word size and clock speed?

Question

I have no idea if my question is suitable or not. But what I wanted to know is how both of them affect processor performance. The only thing I know for a processor with the same architecture is that the higher the clock speed, the faster the processor is processed, but what about the word size? How will this affect the processor speed and which really determines the processor speed? Does this contradict each other? Thank.

Answer 1

Theoretically, a larger word size makes the code a bit slower. The reason is that in a 64-bit architecture, pointers are 64-bit words, so data structures that are full of pointers (lists, trees, hash tables ...) tend to use more RAM than the equivalent 32-bit code bit architecture. Normal RAM is slow (it doesn’t respond as fast as the processor would like), so the processor embeds a small amount of RAM, called the cache, where the most frequently used data is stored. The cache size is limited (usually 32 KB on modern x86 from Intel). 64-bit pointers make it harder for the processor to store as many data elements as possible, resulting in reduced performance.

However...

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Answer 2

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EDIT:

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Answer 3

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Answer 4

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Answer 5

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EDIT (about clock frequency): all CPU operations (loading from memory, saving to memory, adding values ​​...) require a given number of clock pulses, usually one clock signal for the RISC CPU. The duration of the clock timer depends on the frequency of the clock. A frequency of 1 GHz means 1 billion clock cycles per second, that is, one billion CPU operations performed every second. With a frequency of 2 GHz, the processor can perform twice as many operations in one second.