None. Request encoding is part of the URI / URN standard, and depends entirely on the server how it wants to get the result. Some use% coding, so they can figure out a safe place (readability doesn't matter), some use +, some use - (i.e. stack overflow).
The reason for the encoding is simple, URIs / URNs do not allow spaces (and other special characters). However, the standard does not specify how this should be done.
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