Currently, the problem in the development environment that I am running is Django built into the “development server” (the one that started with python manage.py runserver) running on my local machine. On my deployment machine that runs FCGI, this is not a problem.
CSS files do not load in Chrome, but successfully load + render in Firefox. Both browsers receive 200 OK responses from the server, but for some reason, Chrome does not seem to send / receive the contents of the files.
I can use any browser to go to the URL of the CSS file itself and view the document very well.
This is probably best explained by the screenshots ...
In Chrome
Chrome Network Page
Everything at the top looks like the download is just perfect. But look at the bottom Chrome reports “Failed to load resource” for all CSS files.

Chrome CSS Headers
Everything looks fine in the CSS headers ...

Chrome CSS Content
Except for the contents of the empty ...

In firefox
Firefox CSS Headers
Everything looks good (note that the heading "content length" is identical to Chrome)

Firefox CSS Content
And here is the content!

What gives? What could cause the content to not load ?!
EDIT: I still hold my hair for it. This only happens in Chrome. I reloaded / updated / cleared my cache a million times - I completely lost it.
It's simple enough to avoid - just use a different browser to view the page - but why is this happening?!?!