Some browsers have some support, but with any browser you can intercept winapi calls to list the fonts.
Basically you write a DLL that will be loaded into the browser process and then intercepts the calls that the browser will make in the OS when it will list the fonts. Just find out what functions in the windows are used to enumerate fonts and fake them in your DLL. (this may be some work, because you have to rewrite the font enumeration logic).
In addition, some of the browsers can read the registry very simply to list the fonts, rather than using specialized font functions, in which case you will have to intercept the winapi registry functions and ensure that they list the font list that you want.
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winapi : http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/InterceptWinAPICalls.aspx
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