Funny question. Instead of relying on the days of the month, why not count the days from a specific date? JS provides a pretty good property for this: getTime()which gives you milliseconds from 12:00 UTC on January 1, 1970, which you can convert to days with some simple division.
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:
var intQuoteCount = 51;
var dtNow = new Date();
var intTZOffset = dtNow.getTimezoneOffset() * 60000;
var intNow = dtNow.getTime() - intTZOffset;
var intDay = Math.floor(intNow / 86400000);
var intQuoteToDisplay = intDay % intQuoteCount;