Below is a very high level explanation:
Firstly, characters are not in the C ++ world. They exist in binary files of several high-level languages, such as C, C ++, etc. When building with some preset settings. Take the definition
'int i = 2;'
"i" - (, 0x10203040), 2. , "i" . "i" , ( ), " " " ".
, PE Debug, . , binray 0s 1s . , ( "i" ), , , "0x10203040" "i" Debug PE .