We hear so much about "semantic html". Where / what algorithms do our semantic html read?

Question

I keep trying to use HTML5 correctly, but I feel that it is still not close to anything semantically valuable.

My attempts:

• HTML5 Article Node Architecture
• HTML5 Blog Page Architecture

But there are such subtleties in every single tag!

My question is what specific software out there on the Internet really does things like processing our HTML DOM, calculating and comparing elements to say “oh, this <header>, and this is right after <section>, and it has <time>in it, so the tag <time>should be "metadata" in relation to <header>... "and say:" The content in the tag is <time>not only the "published time", but also refers to the author’s date of birth, so it should be a special message (say, because there is also a tag <cite>or <address class='vcard'>) "

I mean, what benefit can I use in HTML5 if I don't know the algorithms that interpret it? If I just kept to the core tags div, ol, ul, li, p, a, h[1-6], I could do everything with half the number of DOM elements.

We look forward to some specific algorithms that I can use to form the DOM structure here.

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I don’t think that increasing the size of our pages from HTML5 tags is especially worth worrying about. After gzipping, the size increases enough to worry about it, especially since the performance of mobile devices is also hindered by the delay (which you cannot do much) as the bandwidth. Plus, mobile bandwidth is likely to increase, not down.