will he cut off the algorithm if it becomes obvious that the document does not match a close query?
No. The code you want to see is lines 57-59 of FuzzyTermEnum:
int dist = editDistance(text, target, textlen, targetlen);
distance = 1 - ((double)dist / (double)Math.min(textlen, targetlen));
return (distance > FUZZY_THRESHOLD);
, , , .
? , .