Python: unable to combine str and NoneType objects

Question

sql = """
        INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] 
        VALUES(
            '""" + self.accountNo + """', 
            '""" + self.altName + """',
            '""" + self.address1 + """',
            '""" + self.address2 + """',
            '""" + self.city + """',
            '""" + self.state + """',
            '""" + self.zipCode + """',
            '""" + self.phone1 + """',
            '""" + self.phone2 + """',
            '""" + self.fax + """',
            '""" + self.contactName + """',
            '""" + self.contactEmail + """',
            '""" + self.prize_id + """',
            '""" + self.shipping + """',
            '""" + self.chairTempPass + """',
            '""" + self.studentCount + """'
        )
    """;

I have the following code, and Python continues to throw an error so that it cannot concatenate strings and nonetype objects. The thing is, I checked that every variable here is actually a string and is not null. I have been stuck with this for a long time, and any help would be greatly appreciated.

Answer 1

Use bind variables instead. Here's the specification for working with a database in Python: PEP 249: Python Database API v2.0 API Specification .

UPDATE: based on the docs for pymssqlyou need something like:

sql = """
    INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] 
    VALUES(
        %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %d, %s, %s, %d
    )"""
cur.execute(sql, self.accountNo, self.altName, self.address1, self.address2, self.city, self.state, self.zipCode, self.phone1, self.phone2, self.fax, self.contactName, self.contactEmail, self.prize_id, self.shipping, self.chairTempPass, self.studentCount)

Answer 2

, , . , - . , % , , .

, , , - None, . , - :

for v in 'accountNo altName address1 address2 city state zipCode phone1 phone2 fax contactName contactEmail prize_id shipping chairTempPass studentCount'.split():
    if getattr(self, v) is None:
        print 'PANIC: %s is None' % v

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Answer 3

SQL-, , , - sql-injection

MySqldb :

db.query("INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] VALUES(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",
[self.accountNo, self.altName, self.address1, self.address2, self.city, self.state, self.zipCode, self.phone1, self.phone2, self.fax, self.contactName, self.contactEmail, self.prize_id, self.shipping, self.chairTempPass, self.studentCount])

Answer 4

, , ​​ MySQLdb. :

import _mysql

db = _mysql.connect("localhost","user","password","database_name")
cursor = db.cursor()

sql = """
    INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] 
    VALUES(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
"""
cursor.execute(sql, [self.accountNo, self.altName, self.address1, \
                     self.address2, self.city, self.state, self.zipCode, \
                     self.phone1, self.phone2, self.fax, self.contactName, \
                     self.contactEmail, self.prize_id, self.shipping, \
                     self.chairTempPass, self.studentCount])

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mysql, , , .

EDIT -

SQL Server, pyobbc. http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/. :

import pyodbc

conn = pyodbc.connect('DRIVER={SQL Server};SERVER=localhost;DATABASE=database_name;UID=user;PWD=password')
cursor = conn.cursor()

sql = """
    INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] 
    VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
"""
cursor.execute(sql, self.accountNo, self.altName, self.address1, \
                     self.address2, self.city, self.state, self.zipCode, \
                     self.phone1, self.phone2, self.fax, self.contactName, \
                     self.contactEmail, self.prize_id, self.shipping, \
                     self.chairTempPass, self.studentCount)
conn.commit()

Answer 5

SQL, ( ) SQL injection. SQL , , .

. , psycopg2 ( PostgreSQL, API- Python API) - :

cursor.execute( "insert into schoolinfo (accountno, altname) values (%s, %s)",
    (self.accountNo, self.altName))

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