Do not think that you need to understand the detailed format of the MAP file, -Wl and -print-map should be enough to get readable textual map data from the compiler.
$ cat x.c | grep alpha
int alpha = one;
int c = do_operation(alpha, b);
printf( "%d op %d = %d\n", alpha, b, c);
$ g++ -Wl,--print-map ./x.c | grep -P "(alpha|printf)"
0x00000000080483f0 printf@@GLIBC_2.0
0x000000000804a018 alpha
, x.c "alpha", "printf". , , -print-map paramater
, .