Yes, it is quite possible. However, you should familiarize yourself with all variations of the (so-called) alligator tags.
Put the code between the blocks <% %>. The option <%= %>is a shortcut to Response.Writeand is used as a shortcut to directly display the variable on the page.
The following should work if ResolveUrl returns a string. Please note that there is no ";" to complete the line.
<script src="<%= ResolveUrl("jquery/js/jquery.js") %>"></script>