you can, the buffer is independent of the source, you can have several sources pointing to the same buffer, causing alSourcePlay()you to play the source, not the buffer.
how they control the buffer while playing multiple sources pointing to the same buffer is a black box for the programmer controlled by the openAL driver.
, openAL () , , openAL - , openAL, . , alBuferData, OpenAL, openAL, , OpenAL.