No. There is only Zend_Filter_StringTrim, but it is not ltrim, but preg_replace(although unicode knows) from both ends. Or
use Zend_Filter_Callback:
echo Zend_Filter::filterStatic('000111000', 'Callback', array('ltrim', '0'));
or with filter instance
$trimmer = new Zend_Filter_Callback('ltrim', '0');
echo $trimmer->filter('000111000');
This way you can use it in a filter chain.