Depending on the version of ARM ABI (EABI) for ARM, processor-specific flags exist that indicate floating-point behavior in the e_flagsheader ELF.
From Linux / arch / arm / include / asm / elf.h
#define EF_ARM_SOFT_FLOAT 0x00000200
EF_ARM_SOFT_FLOAT - use instructions FP (0) libcalls (1)
There are programs like readelf that can be used to display information about ELF files.