This is a very unusual question ... so let me express my opinion about it ...
- Loaders are a really limited set of assembler codes, 464 bytes, or rather, 64 bytes for section information and the last two bytes for a magic marker indicating the end of the loader, a total of 512 bytes.
- Loaders such as Grub can circumvent this limitation by implementing a two-phase loader, the first phase is 512 bytes, as mentioned, then the second phase is loaded, in which additional parameters are executed, etc.
- As a rule, the bootloader code is in a 16-bit assembly, because the BIOS source code is 16-bit code, and this is what the 386 processor up to the modern processor loads in real mode today.
- Using a two-phase loader, the first 512 bytes are 16 bits, then the second phase switches the processor to 32-bit mode, adjusting the registers and gate selectors in the process of preparation, and then goes to the input code of the actual program, load - this is taken into account when reading from a specific place on disk or reading a configuration file that contains information about where the download code is stored.
- 32- - , , - Assembly ( x86).
, C ( , , !)
Grub BIOS , BIOS flashable, EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface ), 32- BIOS - . -, .
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