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Hashing multiple files

Problem Specification:

Given the directory, I want to iterate through the directory and its non-hidden subdirectories,
and add a jacuzzi hash to the non-hidden file names.
If restarting the script will be replaced by the old hash with a new one.

<filename>.<extension> ==> <filename>.<a-whirlpool-hash>.<extension>

     

<filename>.<old-hash>.<extension> ==> <filename>.<new-hash>.<extension>


Question:

a) How will you do this?

b) Of all the methods available to you, what makes your method the most suitable?


Verdict:

Thanks to everyone, I chose the SeigeX answer for its speed and mobility.
This is significantly faster than other bash options,
and it worked unchanged on my Mac OS X machine.

+3
source share
13 answers

:
1. '[' ']' (, . . )
2. md5sum
3.
4.

#!/bin/bash
if (($# != 1)) || ! [[ -d "$1" ]]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 /path/to/directory"
    exit 1
fi

is_hash() {
 md5=${1##*.} # strip prefix
 [[ "$md5" == *[^[:xdigit:]]* || ${#md5} -lt 32 ]] && echo "$1" || echo "${1%.*}"
}

while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' file; do
    read hash junk < <(md5sum "$file")
    basename="${file##*/}"
    dirname="${file%/*}"
    pre_ext="${basename%.*}"
    ext="${basename:${#pre_ext}}"

    # File already hashed?
    pre_ext=$(is_hash "$pre_ext")
    ext=$(is_hash "$ext")

    mv "$file" "${dirname}/${pre_ext}.${hash}${ext}" 2> /dev/null

done < <(find "$1" -path "*/.*" -prune -o \( -type f -print0 \))

  • Bash 2.0.2
  • , sed grep;
  • 'find' , -
  • $() `` ,
  • ,

$ tree -a a
a
|-- .hidden_dir
|   `-- foo
|-- b
|   `-- c.d
|       |-- f
|       |-- g.5236b1ab46088005ed3554940390c8a7.ext
|       |-- h.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|       |-- i.ext1.5236b1ab46088005ed3554940390c8a7.ext2
|       `-- j.ext1.ext2
|-- c.ext^Mnewline
|   |-- f
|   `-- g.with[or].ext
`-- f^Jnewline.ext

4 directories, 9 files 


$ tree -a a
a
|-- .hidden_dir
|   `-- foo
|-- b
|   `-- c.d
|       |-- f.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|       |-- g.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.ext
|       |-- h.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|       |-- i.ext1.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.ext2
|       `-- j.ext1.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.ext2
|-- c.ext^Mnewline
|   |-- f.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|   `-- g.with[or].d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.ext
`-- f^Jnewline.d3b07384d113edec49eaa6238ad5ff00.ext

4 directories, 9 files
+6
#!/bin/bash
find -type f -print0 | while read -d $'\0' file
do
    md5sum=`md5sum "${file}" | sed -r 's/ .*//'`
    filename=`echo "${file}" | sed -r 's/\.[^./]*$//'`
    extension="${file:${#filename}}"
    filename=`echo "${filename}" | sed -r 's/\.md5sum-[^.]+//'`
    if [[ "${file}" != "${filename}.md5sum-${md5sum}${extension}" ]]; then
        echo "Handling file: ${file}"
        mv "${file}" "${filename}.md5sum-${md5sum}${extension}"
    fi
done
  • , 'a b'
  • , 'a.b.c'
  • , / .
  • , , , 'a.b/c'
  • : , .

:

  • print0, while read -d $'\0', .
  • md5sum -. md5sum.
  • , , ( ).
  • .
+4

, Python bash. , .

#!/usr/bin/env python
import hashlib, os

def ishash(h, size):
    """Whether `h` looks like hash hex digest."""
    if len(h) == size: 
        try:
            int(h, 16) # whether h is a hex number
            return True
        except ValueError:
            return False

for root, dirs, files in os.walk("."):
    dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if not d.startswith(".")] # skip hidden dirs
    for path in (os.path.join(root, f) for f in files if not f.startswith(".")):
        suffix = hash_ = "." + hashlib.md5(open(path).read()).hexdigest()
        hashsize = len(hash_) - 1
        # extract old hash from the name; add/replace the hash if needed
        barepath, ext = os.path.splitext(path) # ext may be empty
        if not ishash(ext[1:], hashsize):
            suffix += ext # add original extension
            barepath, oldhash = os.path.splitext(barepath) 
            if not ishash(oldhash[1:], hashsize):
               suffix = oldhash + suffix # preserve 2nd (not a hash) extension
        else: # ext looks like a hash
            oldhash = ext
        if hash_ != oldhash: # replace old hash by new one
           os.rename(path, barepath+suffix)

. :

  • ​​
  • , ( )
$ tree a
a
|-- b
|   `-- c.d
|       |-- f
|       |-- f.ext1.ext2
|       `-- g.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|-- c.ext^Mnewline
|   `-- f
`-- f^Jnewline.ext1

7 directories, 5 files


$ tree a
a
|-- b
|   `-- c.d
|       |-- f.0bee89b07a248e27c83fc3d5951213c1
|       |-- f.ext1.614dd0e977becb4c6f7fa99e64549b12.ext2
|       `-- g.d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
|-- c.ext^Mnewline
|   `-- f.0bee89b07a248e27c83fc3d5951213c1
`-- f^Jnewline.b6fe8bb902ca1b80aaa632b776d77f83.ext1

7 directories, 5 files

.

Whirlpool hash Python stdlib, Python C, , , python-mhash.

:

$ sudo apt-get install python-mhash

:

import mhash

print mhash.MHASH(mhash.MHASH_WHIRLPOOL, "text to hash here").hexdigest()

:   cbdca4520cc5c131fc3a86109dd23fee2d7ff7be56636d398180178378944a4f41480b938608ae98da7eccbf39a4c79b83a8590c4cb1bace5bc638fc92b3e653

whirlpooldeep Python

from subprocess import PIPE, STDOUT, Popen

def getoutput(cmd):
    return Popen(cmd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT).communicate()[0]

hash_ = getoutput(["whirlpooldeep", "-q", path]).rstrip()

git , .

+3

, , , , perl. , perl OS X, , .

bash, .. - .

, perl, . /, .


#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# whirlpool-rename.pl
# 2009 Peter Cordes <peter@cordes.ca>.  Share and Enjoy!

use Fcntl;      # for O_BINARY
use File::Find;
use Digest::Whirlpool;

# find callback, called once per directory entry
# $_ is the base name of the file, and we are chdired to that directory.
sub whirlpool_rename {
    print "find: $_\n";
#    my @components = split /\.(?:[[:xdigit:]]{128})?/; # remove .hash while we're at it
    my @components = split /\.(?!\.|$)/, $_, -1; # -1 to not leave out trailing dots

    if (!$components[0] && $_ ne ".") { # hidden file/directory
        $File::Find::prune = 1;
        return;
    }

    # don't follow symlinks or process non-regular-files
    return if (-l $_ || ! -f _);

    my $digest;
    eval {
        sysopen(my $fh, $_, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY) or die "$!";
        $digest = Digest->new( 'Whirlpool' )->addfile($fh);
    };
    if ($@) {  # exception-catching structure from whirlpoolsum, distributed with Digest::Whirlpool.
        warn "whirlpool: couldn't hash $_: $!\n";
        return;
    }

    # strip old hashes from the name.  not done during split only in the interests of readability
    @components = grep { !/^[[:xdigit:]]{128}$/ }  @components;
    if ($#components == 0) {
        push @components, $digest->hexdigest;
    } else {
        my $ext = pop @components;
        push @components, $digest->hexdigest, $ext;
    }

    my $newname = join('.', @components);
    return if $_ eq $newname;
    print "rename  $_ ->  $newname\n";
    if (-e $newname) {
        warn "whirlpool: clobbering $newname\n";
        # maybe unlink $_ and return if $_ is older than $newname?
        # But you'd better check that $newname has the right contents then...
    }
    # This could be link instead of rename, but then you'd have to handle directories, and you can't make hardlinks across filesystems
    rename $_, $newname or warn "whirlpool: couldn't rename $_ -> $newname:  $!\n";
}


#main
$ARGV[0] = "." if !@ARGV;  # default to current directory
find({wanted => \&whirlpool_rename, no_chdir => 0}, @ARGV );

: - , . ( libperl-digest-whirlpool). , , perl Digest.

  • : ( ).

  • . ( ).

  • , chdiring (, find -execdir). PATH_MAX .

  • , . foo..txt... → foo..hash.txt...

  • , , , . ( 128 , ".".) , . mv , . , .

  • . fork/execed, , , , - . :: Whirlpool lib, . , , . .

  • Perl UTF-8, -ascii- . ( , - UTF-8 , ASCII '.' . , UTF-8. sed UTF-8. Bash glob .)

  • . , , , . , , , hash .

  • . , , .

+3
find . -type f -print | while read file
do
    hash=`$hashcommand "$file"`
    filename=${file%.*}
    extension=${file##*.}
    mv $file "$filename.$hash.$extension"
done
+2

, , ,

find . -type f -exec md5sum {} \; > MD5SUMS

:

find . -type f | while read f; do g=`md5sum $f` > $f.md5; done


find . -type f | while read f; do g=`md5sum $f | awk '{print $1}'`; echo "$g $f"> $f-$g.md5; done
+1

sh bash, . ...

hash () {
  #openssl md5 t.sh | sed -e 's/.* //'
  whirlpool "$f"
}

find . -type f -a -name '*.*' | while read f; do
  # remove the echo to run this for real
  echo mv "$f" "${f%.*}.whirlpool-`hash "$f"`.${f##*.}"
done

...

...
mv ./bash-4.0/signames.h ./bash-4.0/signames.whirlpool-d71b117a822394a5b273ea6c0e3f4dc045b1098326d39864564f1046ab7bd9296d5533894626288265a1f70638ee3ecce1f6a22739b389ff7cb1fa48c76fa166.h
...

, , .. ..

hash () {
  #openssl md5 t.sh | sed -e 's/.* //'
  whirlpool "$f"
}

find . -type f | while read f; do
  name=${f##*/}
  case "$name" in
    *.*) extension=".${name##*.}" ;;
    *)   extension=   ;;
  esac
  # remove the echo to run this for real
  echo mv "$f" "${f%/*}/${name%.*}.whirlpool-`hash "$f"`$extension"
done
+1

, bash. : ; (.. ) ; ; , (, , , ). md5 -q -; - , , - filename = > hash.

find -x . -type f -print0 | while IFS="" read -r -d $'\000' file; do
    hash="$(md5 -q "$file")" # replace with your favorite hash function
    [[ "$file" == *."$hash" ]] && continue # skip files that already end in their hash
    dirname="$(dirname "$file")"
    basename="$(basename "$file")"
    base="${basename%.*}"
    [[ "$base" == *."$hash" ]] && continue # skip files that already end in hash + extension
    if [[ "$basename" == "$base" ]]; then
            extension=""
    else
            extension=".${basename##*.}"
    fi
    mv "$file" "$dirname/$base.$hash$extension"
done
+1

. , . Debian/Ubuntu "whirlpool". . apt-cache search whirlpool , , md5deep.

. , , \n .


oldifs="$IFS"
IFS="
"
for i in $(find -type f); do echo "$i";done
#output
# ./base
# ./base2
# ./normal.ext
# ./trick.e "xt
# ./foo bar.dir ext/trick' (name "- }$foo.ext{}.ext2
IFS="$oldifs"

IFS, , .

- IFS = "."; find -print0 | - , "." , . , man, ( , .) bash , , , perl ! gotchas : http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/gotchas.html#BADREAD0

, : find -exec sh -c. , .

:


find -regextype posix-extended -type f -not -regex '.*\.[a-fA-F0-9]{128}.*'  \
-execdir bash -c 'for i in "${@#./}";do 
 hash=$(whirlpool "$i");
 ext=".${i##*.}"; base="${i%.*}";
 [ "$base" = "$i" ] && ext="";
 newname="$base.$hash$ext";
 echo "ext:$ext  $i -> $newname";
 false mv --no-clobber "$i" "$newname";done' \
dummy {} +
# take out the "false" before the mv, and optionally take out the echo.
# false ignores its arguments, so it there so you can
# run this to see what will happen without actually renaming your files.

-execdir bash -c 'cmd' dummy {} + , arg $0 , "$ @", . execdir exec, ( PATH_MAX dirs , .)

-not -regex . , mv , , . ( XFS.)

basename.hash. , . ${@#./} . /, , . .

mv --no-clobber GNU. GNU mv, - , (, , , .) OTOH, , .

, ( , !) . perl, .

wallenborn ( ) , . md5sum , , :

dir- f -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum > dir.md5 GNU find, xargs ( + ';')  find dir -type f -exec md5sum {} + > dir.md5

find -print | xargs -d '\n', , . , script, print0 -exec. . true, (.. .)

+1

Hm, .

( mktest - TDD bash!:)

Edit:

  • ​​ whirlpool.
  • - , korn. , pdksh : (, , - )

, md5 , .

#!/usr/bin/env bash

#Tested with:
# GNU bash, version 4.0.28(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
# ksh (AT&T Research) 93s+ 2008-01-31
# mksh @(#)MIRBSD KSH R39 2009/08/01 Debian 39.1-4
# Does not work with pdksh, dash

DEFAULT_SUM="md5"

#Takes a parameter, as root path
# as well as an optional parameter, the hash function to use (md5 or wp for whirlpool).
main()
{
  case $2 in
    "wp")
      export SUM="wp"
      ;;
    "md5")
      export SUM="md5"
      ;;
    *)
      export SUM=$DEFAULT_SUM
      ;;
  esac

  # For all visible files in all visible subfolders, move the file
  # to a name including the correct hash:
  find $1 -type f -not -regex '.*/\..*' -exec $0 hashmove '{}' \;
}

# Given a file named in $1 with full path, calculate it hash.
# Output the filname, with the hash inserted before the extention
# (if any) -- or:  replace an existing hash with the new one,
# if a hash already exist.
hashname_md5()
{
  pathname="$1"
  full_hash=`md5sum "$pathname"`
  hash=${full_hash:0:32}
  filename=`basename "$pathname"`
  prefix=${filename%%.*}
  suffix=${filename#$prefix}

  #If the suffix starts with something that looks like an md5sum,
  #remove it:
  suffix=`echo $suffix|sed -r 's/\.[a-z0-9]{32}//'`

  echo "$prefix.$hash$suffix"
}

# Same as hashname_md5 -- but uses whirlpool hash.
hashname_wp()
{
  pathname="$1"
  hash=`whirlpool "$pathname"`
  filename=`basename "$pathname"`
  prefix=${filename%%.*}
  suffix=${filename#$prefix}

  #If the suffix starts with something that looks like an md5sum,
  #remove it:
  suffix=`echo $suffix|sed -r 's/\.[a-z0-9]{128}//'`

  echo "$prefix.$hash$suffix"
}


#Given a filepath $1, move/rename it to a name including the filehash.
# Try to replace an existing hash, an not move a file if no update is
# needed.
hashmove()
{
  pathname="$1"
  filename=`basename "$pathname"`
  path="${pathname%%/$filename}"

  case $SUM in
    "wp")
      hashname=`hashname_wp "$pathname"`
      ;;
    "md5")
      hashname=`hashname_md5 "$pathname"`
      ;;
    *)
      echo "Unknown hash requested"
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac

  if [[ "$filename" != "$hashname" ]]
  then
      echo "renaming: $pathname => $path/$hashname"
      mv "$pathname" "$path/$hashname"
  else
    echo "$pathname up to date"
  fi
}

# Create som testdata under /tmp
mktest()
{
  root_dir=$(tempfile)
  rm "$root_dir"
  mkdir "$root_dir"
  i=0
  test_files[$((i++))]='test'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, no extention or spaces'

  test_files[$((i++))]='.hidden'
  test_files[$((i++))]='a hidden file'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test space'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, no extention, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, extention, no spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test.ab8e460eac3599549cfaa23a848635aa.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, With (wrong) md5sum, no spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test spaced.ab8e460eac3599549cfaa23a848635aa.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, With (wrong) md5sum, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test.8072ec03e95a26bb07d6e163c93593283fee032db7265a29e2430004eefda22ce096be3fa189e8988c6ad77a3154af76f582d7e84e3f319b798d369352a63c3d.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, With (wrong) whirlpoolhash, no spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test spaced.8072ec03e95a26bb07d6e163c93593283fee032db7265a29e2430004eefda22ce096be3fa189e8988c6ad77a3154af76f582d7e84e3f319b798d369352a63c3d.txt']
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, With (wrong) whirlpoolhash, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test space.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, extention, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test   multi-space  .txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, extention, multiple consequtive spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test space.h'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, short extention, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test space.reallylong'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, long extention, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='test space.reallyreallyreallylong.tst'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, long extention, double extention,
                        might look like hash, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='utf8test1 - æeiaæå.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, extention, utf8 characters, spaces in name'

  test_files[$((i++))]='utf8test1 - 漢字.txt'
  test_files[$((i++))]='testfile, extention, Japanese utf8 characters, spaces in name'

  for s in . sub1 sub2 sub1/sub3 .hidden_dir
  do

     #note -p not needed as we create dirs top-down
     #fails for "." -- but the hack allows us to use a single loop
     #for creating testdata in all dirs
     mkdir $root_dir/$s
     dir=$root_dir/$s

     i=0
     while [[ $i -lt ${#test_files[*]} ]]
     do
       filename=${test_files[$((i++))]}
       echo ${test_files[$((i++))]} > "$dir/$filename"
     done
   done

   echo "$root_dir"
}

# Run test, given a hash-type as first argument
runtest()
{
  sum=$1

  root_dir=$(mktest)

  echo "created dir: $root_dir"
  echo "Running first test with hashtype $sum:"
  echo
  main $root_dir $sum
  echo
  echo "Running second test:"
  echo
  main $root_dir $sum
  echo "Updating all files:"

  find $root_dir -type f | while read f
  do
    echo "more content" >> "$f"
  done

  echo
  echo "Running final test:"
  echo
  main $root_dir $sum
  #cleanup:
  rm -r $root_dir
}

# Test md5 and whirlpool hashes on generated data.
runtests()
{
  runtest md5
  runtest wp
}

#For in order to be able to call the script recursively, without splitting off
# functions to separate files:
case "$1" in
  'test')
    runtests
  ;;
  'hashname')
    hashname "$2"
  ;;
  'hashmove')
    hashmove "$2"
  ;;
  'run')
    main "$2" "$3"
  ;;
  *)
    echo "Use with: $0 test - or if you just want to try it on a folder:"
    echo "  $0 run path (implies md5)"
    echo "  $0 run md5 path"
    echo "  $0 run wp path"
  ;;
esac
+1

:

- , BASH Script, .

find -name '.?*' -prune -o \( -type f -print0 \)

-name '.*' -prune "." , .:/

- Perl. ... , Digest:: Whirlpool CPAN.

+1

zsh:

$ ls
a.txt
b.txt
c.txt

:

$ FILES=**/*(.) 
$ # */ stupid syntax coloring thinks this is a comment
$ for f in $FILES; do hash=`md5sum $f | cut -f1 -d" "`; mv $f "$f:r.$hash.$f:e"; done
$ ls
a.60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3.txt
b.3b5d5c3712955042212316173ccf37be.txt
c.2cd6ee2c70b0bde53fbe6cac3c8b8bb1.txt

!

: mv

0
source

Ruby:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'digest/md5'

Dir.glob('**/*') do |f|
  next unless File.file? f
  next if /\.md5sum-[0-9a-f]{32}/ =~ f
  md5sum = Digest::MD5.file f
  newname = "%s/%s.md5sum-%s%s" %
    [File.dirname(f), File.basename(f,'.*'), md5sum, File.extname(f)]
  File.rename f, newname
end

Processes file names that have spaces, without an extension, and that have already been hashed.

Ignores hidden files and directories - add File::FNM_DOTMATCHas a second argument glob, if necessary.

0
source

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/1724650/

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