Strange behavior when using recursion in ksh93

Question

I encounter some problems in ksh93 when I recursively scan directories.

create multiple files and directories.

base=/tmp/nonsens

for i in {1..3}
do
    mkdir -p ${base}/dir${i}
    for j in {1..2}
    do
        mkdir ${base}/dir${i}/dir${j}
        touch ${base}/dir${i}/dir${j}/file${j}
        touch ${base}/dir${i}/file${j}
    done
done

Now let's get to it using the ksh93 script.

rdir ()
{
    typeset dir=$1

    for file in `ls $dir`
    do
        if [ -d $dir/$file ]
        then
            echo "Directory: $dir/$file"
            rdir $dir/$file
        else
            echo "File     : $dir/$file"
        fi
    done
}   

rdir /tmp/nonsens

will create this output in ksh93

cheko@chwiclu1:~> rdir /tmp/nonsens
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir1
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/file1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/dir2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/file1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/file2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/dir2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/dir3

when using pdksh / bash will create this

cheko@redcube:~$ rdir /tmp/nonsens
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir1
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir1/file1
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/dir2/file2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/file1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir1/file2
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir2
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir2/dir1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir2/dir1/file1
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir2/dir2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir2/dir2/file2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir2/file1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir2/file2
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir3
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir3/dir1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir3/dir1/file1
Directory: /tmp/nonsens/dir3/dir2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir3/dir2/file2
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir3/file1
File     : /tmp/nonsens/dir3/file2

Does anyone know a workaround? Or is there a switch that makes ksh93 behave as it should?

Answer 1

I thought about it - and had the right idea, but not for that reason. pdksh follows the semantics of ksh88, and a quick google shows that there are differences between ksh88 and ksh93 when functions are defined.

This FAQ for ksh93 reads in Part III (Shell Scripting):

Q18. ()?

A18. ksh88 . POSIX foo() V Release 2, , . ksh93 ksh88 , , name() POSIX. , .

ksh93, , , rdir , dir . , , function rdir, ksh88 .

Answer 2

!

function rdir
{
    typeset dir=$1

    for file in `ls $dir`
    do
        if [ -d $dir/$file ]
        then
            echo "Directory: $dir/$file"
            rdir $dir/$file
        else
            echo "File     : $dir/$file"
        fi
    done
}

rdir /tmp/nonsens

. .