A JOIN, even on a PRIMARY KEY, takes several times longer than sequential scanning.
Of course, it is better to see the table, but my educated guess is that keeping them together would be better.
, , ( ), .
, ( ), .
, :
id value
1 Really really long value 1
2 Really really long value 1
3 Really really long value 1
…
1000 Really really long value 2
1001 Really really long value 2
1002 Really really long value 2
…
, .
:
id value
1 1
2 1
3 1
…
1000 2
1001 2
1002 2
…
val_id value
1 Really really long value 1
2 Really really long value 1
4 -byte , VARCHAR, , JOIN.