I choose the platform for the web application.
I understand how cloud computing can scale front-end servers, but what do they do with database servers?
Is there something that a developer needs to do to allow this?
In general, yes. The most common way to scale a database on multiple computers is to use column storage . Thus, each column in the table can be stored on a separate machine, significantly increasing the amount of processor power and the bandwidth available for searching. Searches can also be performed in parallel, a search in the company column will lead to only one server, so the search in the year column will not be slower.
From what I read, this is how Google MapReduce works.
the benefits section of the column storage page on Wikipedia is especially informative.
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You can find additional help information by following this link.
And you can find a short list of data stores here
As far as I am, I recently came across a paper dedicated to just that. This was discussed in a lecture, therefore, although I am familiar with paper content, I did not read it myself. Nevertheless, the lecture had very interesting ideas: http://reports-archive.adm.cs.cmu.edu/anon/2008/CMU-CS-08-150.pdf
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