I almost always advocate more than 1 language in the solution space (in fact, more than 2, because SQL is part of many projects). Even if the client likes a language with explicit typing and a large talent pool, I advocate using scripting languages for administration, testing, data cleaning, etc.
The benefits of multilingualism boil down to the “right tool for the job.”
There are legal disadvantages:
- It is more difficult to have a collective ownership right (not everyone understands all languages)
- Integration Issues (Reduced on Managed Platforms)
- Increased runtime from infrastructure libraries (this is often significant)
- Increased costs for tools (IDEs, analysis tools, etc.).
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