How to create a histogram for a given probability distribution (for functional testing of a server)?

Question

I am trying to automate functional testing of a server using realistic distribution of request frequencies. (type of load testing, type of simulation)

I chose Weibull , because it "seems to" correspond to the distribution that I observed (growing rapidly, falling rapidly, but not instantly)

I use this distribution to generate the number of requests that should be sent every day between the start and end dates

I hacked an algorithm in Python that works, but it feels kludgy:

how_many_days = (end_date - start_date).days
freqs = defaultdict(int)
for x in xrange(how_many_responses):
    freqs[int(how_many_days * weibullvariate(0.5, 2))] += 1
timeline = []
day = start_date
for i,freq in sorted(freqs.iteritems()):
    timeline.append((day, freq))
    day += timedelta(days=1)
return timeline

What other ways to do this?

Answer 1

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import math
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, date
from random import gauss

how_many_responses = 1000
start_date = date(2008, 5, 1)
end_date = date(2008, 6, 1)
num_days = (end_date - start_date).days + 1
timeline = [start_date + timedelta(i) for i in xrange(num_days)]

def weibull(x, k, l):
    return (k / l) * (x / l)**(k-1) * math.e**(-(x/l)**k)

dev = 0.1
samples = [i * 1.25/(num_days-1) for i in range(num_days)]
probs = [weibull(i, 2, 0.5) for i in samples]
noise = [gauss(0, dev) for i in samples]
simdata = [max(0., e + n) for (e, n) in zip(probs, noise)]
events = [int(p * (how_many_responses / sum(probs))) for p in simdata]

histogram = zip(timeline, events)

print '\n'.join((d.strftime('%Y-%m-%d ') + "*" * c) for d,c in histogram)

Answer 2

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Answer 3

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samples = [0 for i in xrange(how_many_days + 1)]
for s in xrange(how_many_responses):
    samples[min(int(how_many_days * weibullvariate(0.5, 2)), how_many_days)] += 1
histogram = zip(timeline, samples)
print '\n'.join((d.strftime('%Y-%m-%d ') + "*" * c) for d,c in histogram)

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Answer 4

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from datetime import *
from random import *

timeline = []
scaling = 10
start_date = date(2008, 5, 1)
end_date = date(2008, 6, 1)

num_days = (end_date - start_date).days + 1
days = [start_date + timedelta(i) for i in range(num_days)]
requests = [int(scaling * weibullvariate(0.5, 2)) for i in range(num_days)]
timeline = zip(days, requests)
timeline

Answer 5

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timeline = (start_date + timedelta(days=days) for days in count(0))
how_many_days = (end_date - start_date).days
pick_a_day = lambda _:int(how_many_days * weibullvariate(0.5, 2))
days = sorted(imap(pick_a_day, xrange(how_many_responses)))
histogram = zip(timeline, (len(list(responses)) for day, responses in groupby(days)))
print '\n'.join((d.strftime('%Y-%m-%d ') + "*" * c) for d,c in histogram)

Answer 6

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