I think this is currently not possible.
The first requirement is to run Visual Studio from the command line.
The equivalent of the "code" command is "devenv". If you type this on the command line, Visual Studio opens. Just make sure that the command is included in your path if you use the normal command line. It is already included in the path variable if you are using the Visual Studio command line.
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: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/ide/reference/devenv-command-line-switches
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