SQL Server Index Behavior When Performing a Bulk Insert

Question

I have an application that inserts multiple rows at once in SQL Server.

I use a class SqlBulkCopyor self-written code that a giant statement generates insert into table_name(...) values (...).

There are several indexes in my table besides clustered ones.

Question: How are these indexes updated? For each row I insert? For every transaction?

A somewhat strange question is, is there a general term for this scenario, for example, “bulk loading indexing behavior”? I tried Google several combinations of keywords, did not find anything. The reason I ask is because sometimes I work with Postgres and want to know its behavior.

I tried to find an article on this topic several times, no luck.

If you can point me to any documents, article or book with the appropriate chapter, that would be great