As for the intervals before and after the charts, you can use a simple knife hook:
```{r, echo = F}
library(knitr)
if(is_latex_output()) {
plot_default <- knit_hooks$get("plot")
knit_hooks$set(plot = function(x, options) {
x <- c(plot_default(x, options), "\\vspace{25pt}")
})
}
```
Here we change the plot hook in the sense that we simply add an interval 25pt
after each plot output.
:
\setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{25pt}
\setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{25pt}
\setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{25pt}
\setlength{\belowdisplayshortskip}{25pt}
, align
. , $$ ... $$
.