OOP abstraction: multiple but fairly clear contexts?

Question

I am doing some research on the concepts of OOP, and I have a little problem trying to understand what abstraction is. I switched to numerous stack overflow messages on this topic, but could not pinpoint a satisfactory answer.

I saw a lot of discussion about the differences between abstraction and encapsulation, and naturally I started thinking about abstraction in terms of hiding how a particular class works and providing abstraction via the class API. Here are a few posts that drove me in this direction:

• The best voted answer relates to abstract functions. The next answer starts talking about abstract classes ...
• The best voted answer seems to relate to exposure via the class API, and the next two are in the Inheritance setting. The third answer even suggests that composition and aggregation are considered abstractions .

However, as I read more posts, I noticed answers depicting abstraction in the context of Inheritance, in particular using interfaces and abstract classes to provide an abstraction of a specific object (class). I suggested that the abstraction given in this way will allow developers to appropriately expand new objects in accordance with the “recommendations” outlined in this abstraction. Here are a few posts that lead me in this direction:

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Answer 1

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: http://javarevisited.blogspot.be/2017/04/difference-between-abstraction-and-encapsulation-in-java-oop.html

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Answer 2

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