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Set stack size programmatically in Windows

Is it possible in WinAPI to set the stack size for the current thread at run time, for example setrlimiton Linux? I want to increase the reserved stack size for the current thread if it is too small for current requirements. This is in a library that can be called by threads from other programming languages, so it cannot set the stack size at compile time.

If not, any ideas on a solution such as a trampoline collector that changes the stack pointer to a dynamically allocated memory block?

Frequently asked questions: a proxy stream is the right decision (if the caller’s stream does not have an extremely small stack). However, thread switching seems like a killer of performance. I need a significant amount of stack for recursion or for _alloca. This also applies to performance because heap distribution is slow, especially if multiple threads are distributed from the heap in parallel (they are blocked by the same libc/ tag CRT, so the code becomes sequential).

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2 answers

( self, delete old) , - ..

( (/) .

. StackBase StackLimit NT_TIB ( winnt.h), ( ), ( - c/++) StackBase StackLimit. kernelmode - KeExpandKernelStackAndCallout

Fibers - , . Fiber / .

( ):

on DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:

. , :

, , DLL_THREAD_DETACH :

( ) , /. , , . __declspec(thread) . TLS ( ++ )

:

typedef ULONG (WINAPI * MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT) (PVOID Parameter);

class FIBER_DATA 
{
public:
    PVOID _PrevFiber, _MyFiber;
    MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT _pfn;
    PVOID _Parameter;
    ULONG _dwError;
    BOOL _bConvertToThread;

    static VOID CALLBACK _FiberProc( PVOID lpParameter)
    {
        reinterpret_cast<FIBER_DATA*>(lpParameter)->FiberProc();
    }

    VOID FiberProc()
    {
        for (;;)
        {
            _dwError = _pfn(_Parameter);
            SwitchToFiber(_PrevFiber);
        }
    }

public:

    ~FIBER_DATA()
    {
        if (_MyFiber)
        {
            DeleteFiber(_MyFiber);
        }

        if (_bConvertToThread)
        {
            ConvertFiberToThread();
        }
    }

    FIBER_DATA()
    {
        _bConvertToThread = FALSE, _MyFiber = 0;
    }

    ULONG Create(SIZE_T dwStackCommitSize, SIZE_T dwStackReserveSize);

    ULONG DoCallout(MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT pfn, PVOID Parameter)
    {
        _PrevFiber = GetCurrentFiber();
        _pfn = pfn;
        _Parameter = Parameter;
        SwitchToFiber(_MyFiber);
        return _dwError;
    }
};

__declspec(thread) FIBER_DATA* g_pData;

ULONG FIBER_DATA::Create(SIZE_T dwStackCommitSize, SIZE_T dwStackReserveSize)
{
    if (ConvertThreadToFiber(this))
    {
        _bConvertToThread = TRUE;
    }
    else
    {
        ULONG dwError = GetLastError();

        if (dwError != ERROR_ALREADY_FIBER)
        {
            return dwError;
        }
    }

    return (_MyFiber = CreateFiberEx(dwStackCommitSize, dwStackReserveSize, 0, _FiberProc, this)) ? NOERROR : GetLastError();
}

void OnDetach()
{
    if (FIBER_DATA* pData = g_pData)
    {
        delete pData;
    }
}

ULONG OnAttach()
{
    if (FIBER_DATA* pData = new FIBER_DATA)
    {
        if (ULONG dwError = pData->Create(2*PAGE_SIZE, 512 * PAGE_SIZE))
        {
            delete pData;

            return dwError;
        }

        g_pData = pData;

        return NOERROR;
    }

    return ERROR_NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES;
}

ULONG WINAPI TestCallout(PVOID param)
{
    DbgPrint("TestCallout(%s)\n", param);

    return NOERROR;
}

ULONG DoCallout(MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT pfn, PVOID Parameter)
{
    if (FIBER_DATA* pData = g_pData)
    {
        return pData->DoCallout(pfn, Parameter);
    }

    return ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
}

if (!OnAttach())//DLL_THREAD_ATTACH
{
    DoCallout(TestCallout, "Demo Task #1");
    DoCallout(TestCallout, "Demo Task #2");
    OnDetach();//DLL_THREAD_DETACH
}

, , - , , - , . . SwitchToFiber - proc. , ( )

__declspec(thread) FIBER_DATA* g_pData; ( ), TlsGetValue/TlsSetValue FIBER_DATA , . __declspec(thread) ( ) XP dll.

at DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH TLS gTlsIndex = TlsAlloc();

DLL_PROCESS_DETACH

if (gTlsIndex != TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES) TlsFree(gTlsIndex);

DLL_THREAD_DETACH

void OnThreadDetach()
{
    if (FIBER_DATA* pData = (FIBER_DATA*)TlsGetValue(gTlsIndex))
    {
        delete pData;
    }
}

DoCallout

ULONG DoCallout(MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT pfn, PVOID Parameter)
{
    FIBER_DATA* pData = (FIBER_DATA*)TlsGetValue(gTlsIndex);

    if (!pData)
    {
        // this code executed only once on first call

        if (!(pData = new FIBER_DATA))
        {
            return ERROR_NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES;
        }

        if (ULONG dwError = pData->Create(512*PAGE_SIZE, 4*PAGE_SIZE))// or what stack size you need
        {
            delete pData;
            return dwError;
        }

        TlsSetValue(gTlsIndex, pData);
    }

    return pData->DoCallout(pfn, Parameter);
}

DLL_THREAD_ATTACH OnAttach() , , ( )

, - . , msdn ERROR_ALREADY_FIBER , ConvertThreadToFiber 0., , . , , . ERROR_ALREADY_FIBER xp ( vista).

- , , . swap esp ( rsp), StackBase StackLimit NT_TIB - ( ),

, ( ), xp, , -

typedef ULONG (WINAPI * MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT) (PVOID Parameter);

extern "C" PVOID __fastcall SwitchToStack(PVOID param, PVOID stack);

struct FIBER_DATA
{
    PVOID _Stack, _StackLimit, _StackPtr, _StackBase;
    MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT _pfn;
    PVOID _Parameter;
    ULONG _dwError;

    static void __fastcall FiberProc(FIBER_DATA* pData, PVOID stack)
    {
        for (;;)
        {
            pData->_dwError = pData->_pfn(pData->_Parameter);

            // StackLimit can changed during _pfn call
            pData->_StackLimit = ((PNT_TIB)NtCurrentTeb())->StackLimit;

            stack = SwitchToStack(0, stack);
        }
    }

    ULONG Create(SIZE_T Reserve, SIZE_T Commit);

    ULONG DoCallout(MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT pfn, PVOID Parameter)
    {
        _pfn = pfn;
        _Parameter = Parameter;

        PNT_TIB tib = (PNT_TIB)NtCurrentTeb();

        PVOID StackBase = tib->StackBase, StackLimit = tib->StackLimit;

        tib->StackBase = _StackBase, tib->StackLimit = _StackLimit;

        _StackPtr = SwitchToStack(this, _StackPtr);

        tib->StackBase = StackBase, tib->StackLimit = StackLimit;

        return _dwError;
    }

    ~FIBER_DATA()
    {
        if (_Stack)
        {
            VirtualFree(_Stack, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
        }
    }

    FIBER_DATA()
    {
        _Stack = 0;
    }
};

ULONG FIBER_DATA::Create(SIZE_T Reserve, SIZE_T Commit)
{
    Reserve = (Reserve + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
    Commit = (Commit + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);

    if (Reserve < Commit || !Reserve)
    {
        return ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
    }

    if (PBYTE newStack = (PBYTE)VirtualAlloc(0, Reserve, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_NOACCESS))
    {
        union {
            PBYTE newStackBase;
            void** ppvStack;
        };

        newStackBase = newStack + Reserve;

        PBYTE newStackLimit = newStackBase - Commit;

        if (newStackLimit = (PBYTE)VirtualAlloc(newStackLimit, Commit, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE))
        {
            if (Reserve == Commit || VirtualAlloc(newStackLimit - PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE|PAGE_GUARD))
            {
                _StackBase = newStackBase, _StackLimit = newStackLimit, _Stack = newStack;

#if defined(_M_IX86) 
                *--ppvStack = FiberProc;
                ppvStack -= 4;// ebp,esi,edi,ebx
#elif defined(_M_AMD64)
                ppvStack -= 5;// x64 space
                *--ppvStack = FiberProc;
                ppvStack -= 8;// r15,r14,r13,r12,rbp,rsi,rdi,rbx
#else
#error "not supported"
#endif

                _StackPtr = ppvStack;

                return NOERROR;
            }
        }

        VirtualFree(newStack, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
    }

    return GetLastError();
}

ULONG gTlsIndex;

ULONG DoCallout(MY_EXPAND_STACK_CALLOUT pfn, PVOID Parameter)
{
    FIBER_DATA* pData = (FIBER_DATA*)TlsGetValue(gTlsIndex);

    if (!pData)
    {
        // this code executed only once on first call

        if (!(pData = new FIBER_DATA))
        {
            return ERROR_NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES;
        }

        if (ULONG dwError = pData->Create(512*PAGE_SIZE, 4*PAGE_SIZE))
        {
            delete pData;
            return dwError;
        }

        TlsSetValue(gTlsIndex, pData);
    }

    return pData->DoCallout(pfn, Parameter);
}

void OnThreadDetach()
{
    if (FIBER_DATA* pData = (FIBER_DATA*)TlsGetValue(gTlsIndex))
    {
        delete pData;
    }
}

SwitchToStack: x86

@SwitchToStack@8 proc
    push    ebx
    push    edi
    push    esi
    push    ebp
    xchg    esp,edx
    mov     eax,edx
    pop     ebp
    pop     esi
    pop     edi
    pop     ebx
    ret
@SwitchToStack@8 endp

x64:

SwitchToStack proc
    push    rbx
    push    rdi
    push    rsi
    push    rbp
    push    r12
    push    r13
    push    r14
    push    r15
    xchg    rsp,rdx
    mov     rax,rdx
    pop     r15
    pop     r14
    pop     r13
    pop     r12
    pop     rbp
    pop     rsi
    pop     rdi
    pop     rbx
    ret
SwitchToStack endp

/ :

gTlsIndex = TlsAlloc();//DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH

if (gTlsIndex != TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES)
{
    TestStackMemory();

    DoCallout(TestCallout, "test #1");

    //play with stack, excepions, guard pages
    PSTR str = (PSTR)alloca(256);
    DoCallout(zTestCallout, str);
    DbgPrint("str=%s\n", str);

    DoCallout(TestCallout, "test #2");

    OnThreadDetach();//DLL_THREAD_DETACH

    TlsFree(gTlsIndex);//DLL_PROCESS_DETACH
}

void TestMemory(PVOID AllocationBase)
{
    MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
    PVOID BaseAddress = AllocationBase;
    while (VirtualQuery(BaseAddress, &mbi, sizeof(mbi)) >= sizeof(mbi) && mbi.AllocationBase == AllocationBase)
    {
        BaseAddress = (PBYTE)mbi.BaseAddress + mbi.RegionSize;
        DbgPrint("[%p, %p) %p %08x %08x\n", mbi.BaseAddress, BaseAddress, (PVOID)(mbi.RegionSize >> PAGE_SHIFT), mbi.State, mbi.Protect);
    }
}

void TestStackMemory()
{
    MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
    if (VirtualQuery(_AddressOfReturnAddress(), &mbi, sizeof(mbi)) >= sizeof(mbi))
    {
        TestMemory(mbi.AllocationBase);
    }
}

ULONG WINAPI zTestCallout(PVOID Parameter)
{
    TestStackMemory();

    alloca(5*PAGE_SIZE);

    TestStackMemory();

    __try
    {
        *(int*)0=0;
    } 
    __except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
    {
        DbgPrint("exception %x handled\n", GetExceptionCode());
    }

    strcpy((PSTR)Parameter, "zTestCallout demo");

    return NOERROR;
}

ULONG WINAPI TestCallout(PVOID param)
{
    TestStackMemory();

    DbgPrint("TestCallout(%s)\n", param);

    return NOERROR;
}
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Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/1682046/

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