Directives are general configuration parameters - settings.
Some of them can be changed at runtime (using the ini_set function ), some of them can only be changed using the configuration file (php.ini or .htaccess).
Extensions are binary compiled libraries that allow you to use certain functions in your PHP code. They are written in C and dynamically loaded using
extension=ext.dll/ext.so ; (based on your OS)
/ , / , .
, xdebug var_dump,
xdebug.var_display_max_children
xdebug.var_display_max_data
(and more)
/ , .