I work with scipy.optimize.minimize to find the minimum RSS for a custom nonlinear function. I will give a simple linear example to illustrate what I am doing:
import numpy as np
from scipy import optimize
def response(X, b0, b1, b2):
return b2 * X[1]**2 + b1 * X[0] + b0
def obj_rss(model_params, y_true, X):
return np.sum((y_true - response(X, *model_params))**2)
x = np.array([np.arange(0, 10), np.arange(10, 20)])
r = 15. * x[1]**2 - 32. * x[0] + 10.
init_guess = np.array([0., 50., 10.])
res = optimize.minimize(obj_rss, init_guess, args=(r, x))
print res
This gives the results:
fun: 3.0218799331864133e-08
hess_inv: array([[ 7.50606278e+00, 2.38939463e+00, -8.33333575e-02],
[ 2.38939463e+00, 8.02462363e-01, -2.74621294e-02],
[ -8.33333575e-02, -2.74621294e-02, 9.46969972e-04]])
jac: array([ -3.31359843e-07, -5.42022462e-08, 2.34304025e-08])
message: 'Optimization terminated successfully.'
nfev: 45
nit: 6
njev: 9
status: 0
success: True
x: array([ 10.00066577, -31.99978062, 14.99999243])
And we see that the set parameters 10, -32 and 15 are equivalent to those used to generate the actual data. It's great. Now my question is:
I understand that the Jacobian should be the matrix mxn, where m is the number of entries from input X, and n is the number of parameters. Clearly, I do not have this in the results object. The result object gives an array that is referred to as the Jacobian in the documentation ( 1 and 2 ), but is only one-dimensional, the number of elements of which is equal to the number of parameters.
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EDIT:
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import numpy as np
from scipy import optimize
def response(X, b0, b1, b2):
return b2 * X[1]**2 + b1 * X[0] + b0
def obj_rss(model_params, y_true, X):
return np.sum((y_true - response(X, *model_params))**2)
x = np.array([np.arange(0, 10), np.arange(10, 20)])
r = 15. * x[1]**2 - 32. * x[0] + 10.
init_guess = np.array([0., 50., 10.])
res = optimize.minimize(obj_rss, init_guess, method='SLSQP', args=(r, x))
print res
r_pred = response(x, *res.x)
:
fun: 7.5269461938291697e-10
jac: array([ 2.94677643e-05, 5.52844499e-04, 2.59870917e-02,
0.00000000e+00])
message: 'Optimization terminated successfully.'
nfev: 58
nit: 10
njev: 10
status: 0
success: True
x: array([ 10.00004495, -31.9999794 , 14.99999938])
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