Exponential data fitting (python)

Question

Hey. I am trying to fit my data using either a polynomial or an exponential function, which I failed in both. The code I use is as follows:

with open('argon.dat','r') as f:
    argon=f.readlines()

eng1 = np.array([float(argon[argon.index(i)].split('\n')[0].split('  ')[0])*1000 for i in argon])
II01 = np.array([1-math.exp(-float(argon[argon.index(i)].split('\n')[0].split('  ')[1])*(1.784e-3*6.35)) for i in argon])

with open('copper.dat','r') as f:
    copper=f.readlines()

eng2 = [float(copper[copper.index(i)].split('\n')[0].split('  ')[0])*1000 for i in copper]
II02 = [math.exp(-float(copper[copper.index(i)].split('\n')[0].split('  ')[1])*(8.128e-2*8.96)) for i in copper]

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(figsize=(12,10))
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax1.set_yscale('log')
ax2.set_yscale('log')

arg = ax2.plot(eng1, II01, 'b--', label='Argon gas absorption at STP (6.35 cm)')
cop = ax1.plot(eng2, II02, 'r', label='Copper wall transp. (0.81 mm)')
plot = arg+cop

labs = [l.get_label() for l in plot]
ax1.legend(plot,labs,loc='lower right', fontsize=14)
ax1.set_ylim(1e-6,1)
ax2.set_ylim(1e-6,1)
ax1.set_xlim(0,160)
ax1.set_ylabel(r'$\displaystyle I/I_0$', fontsize=18)
ax2.set_ylabel(r'$\displaystyle 1-I/I_0$', fontsize=18)
ax1.set_xlabel('Photon Energy [keV]', fontsize=18)
plt.show()

What gives me What I want to do instead of drawing such data so that it matches an exponential curve and multiplying these curves to eventually get the detector efficiency (I tried to multiply element by element, but I don’t have enough data points to have smooth curve). I tried using polyfit and also tried to define an exponential function to see that it works, however in both cases I ended up in a line

#def func(x, a, c, d):
#    return a*np.exp(-c*x)+d
#    
#popt, pcov = curve_fit(func, eng1, II01)
#plt.plot(eng1, func(eng1, *popt), label="Fitted Curve")

and

model = np.polyfit(eng1, II01 ,5) 
y = np.poly1d(model)
#splineYs = np.exp(np.polyval(model,eng1)) # also tried this but didnt work
ax2.plot(eng1,y)

http://www.nist.gov/pml/data/xraycoef/index.cfm .3: http://scitation.aip.org/content/aapt/journal/ajp/83/8/10.1119/1.4923022

@Oliver:

:

i = 0
eff1 = []
while i < len(arg):
    eff1.append(arg[i]*cop[i])
    i += 1 

(: , : , : ) , , , , ( @oliver , )

Answer 1

curvefit ( ), , , !

:

argon = np.genfromtxt('argon.dat')
copper = np.genfromtxt('copper.dat')

f1 = 1 - np.exp(-argon[:,1] * 1.784e-3 * 6.35)
f2 = np.exp(-copper[:,1] * 8.128e-2 * 8.96)

, f1 argon.dat. , 2- , , :

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit

plt.semilogy(copper[:,0]*1000, f2, 'r-')  # <- f2 was not based on the first column of that file, but on the 2nd. Nothing stops you from plotting those together though...
plt.semilogy(argon[:,0]*1000, f1, 'b--')
plt.ylim(1e-6,1)
plt.xlim(0, 160)

def model(x, a, b, offset):
    return a*np.exp(-b*x) + offset

: b, . . .

: f1 , . curve_fit ( xdata function doc-string) f1 . :

popt1, pcov = curve_fit(model, argon[:,1], f1)
popt2, pcov = curve_fit(model, cupper[:,1], f2)

.

, , . . : ( , ), μ/ρ . , , , μ/ρ. , , , . , , .

, , . , , np.logspace:

indep_var = argon[:,0]*1000
energy = np.logspace(np.log10(indep_var.min()),
                     np.log10(indep_var.max()),
                     512)  # both argon and cupper have the same min and max listed in the "energy" column.

, . -.

() energy -> μ/ρ:

interpolated_mu_rho_argon = np.power(10, np.interp(np.log10(energy), np.log10(indep_var), np.log10(argon[:,1]))) # perform logarithmic interpolation
interpolated_mu_rho_copper = np.power(10, np.interp(np.log10(energy), np.log10(copper[:,0]*1000), np.log10(copper[:,1])))

, :

f, ax = plt.subplots(1,2, sharex=True, sharey=True)
ax[0].semilogy(energy, interpolated_mu_rho_argon, 'gs-', lw=1)
ax[0].semilogy(indep_var, argon[:,1], 'bo--', lw=1, ms=10)
ax[1].semilogy(energy, interpolated_mu_rho_copper, 'gs-', lw=1)
ax[1].semilogy(copper[:,0]*1000, copper[:,1], 'bo--', lw=1, ms=10)
ax[0].set_title('argon')
ax[1].set_title('copper')
ax[0].set_xlabel('energy (keV)')
ax[0].set_ylabel(r'$\mu/\rho$ (cm²/g)')

, , .

, . , μ/ρ, (, f1 f2), , , , :

plt.figure()
plt.semilogy(energy, model(interpolated_mu_rho_argon, *popt1), 'b-', lw=1)
plt.semilogy(argon[:,0]*1000, f1, 'bo ')

plt.semilogy(copper[:,0]*1000, f2, 'ro ',)
plt.semilogy(energy, model(interpolated_mu_rho_copper, *popt2), 'r-', lw=1) # same remark here!

argon_copper_prod = model(interpolated_mu_rho_argon, *popt1)*model(interpolated_mu_rho_copper, *popt2)
plt.semilogy(energy, argon_copper_prod, 'g-')

plt.ylim(1e-6,1)
plt.xlim(0, 160)
plt.xlabel('energy (keV)')
plt.ylabel(r'$\mu/\rho$ (cm²/g)')

. :

• photon energy -> μ/ρ
• μ/ρ