Learning OpenGL. On modern Linux, how are all these concepts related?

Question

I am starting to learn OpenGL, as it is part of my chosen master's program. In the class, accelerated 3D graphics are used on MS Windows (perhaps DX3d is actually used instead of OpenGL, I'm not sure). However, I have been using Linux for many years, and I am sure that this is the right development environment when you can choose. But, as far as I know, accelerated 3D, in particular, drivers and hardware support, a mess in Linux. So please help me organize the following bunch of concepts into a reasonable structure, as this is the only way to see and understand things.

• Firstly, there are drivers. NVIDIA and AMD, plus nuvo and some open Radeon driver, as well as experimental AMD, but still official. It seems clear.

• Secondly, there is something called "mesa". What is it? Is this just for free drivers, is it part of the free driver project, or is it defined and required regardless of the driver used?

• In development 2), what is "opengl" and where is it: mesa, drivers, something else? Can it be proprietary?

• Finally, given all three of the above points, what does it mean to “get and install OpenGL on a modern Linux system?”

Answer 1

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Mesa OpenGL Linux. Noveau Radeon, . Mesa , llvmpipe, . , , , . Mesa OpenGL 4.x, , , OpenGL 3.3 - , 3.0 ( , OS X).

Mesa ​​ , Mesa AMD nVidia , , OpenGL. Mesa , , Mesa Valgrind-clean.

OpenGL OpenGL ( , dnf apt - ). Mesa... Intel, Mesa .