The short answer is yes, but it's a bit of a pain. You can add text uicontroland place it accordingly.
Functional example:
% Dummy figure and table
f = figure;
d = gallery('integerdata',100,[10 3],0);
t = uitable(f,'Data',d,'ColumnWidth',{50});
% Add text uicontrol and position appropriately
txt = uicontrol( ...
'Style', 'text', ...
'BackgroundColor', 'magenta', ...
'String', 'hi', ...
'Units', 'Pixels', ...
'Position', [21 300 32 19] ...
);
Which gives us the following:

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