It allows you to encapsulate functionality, effectively putting it in a black box. This means that you can create [reusable] components whose internal work is not displayed; this is not possible using the standard DOM.
HTML. , , file
. HTML, <input type="file" />
, . HTML CSS , , , . , HTML/CSS/JS, , . file
- , , . - , , Shadow DOM . , <my-fantastic-file-input />
, . DOM, ; . .
DOM, /. , , , / , , . , DOM.
2011 , : http://www.w3.org/2008/webapps/wiki/Component_Model_Use_Cases