Difference between setuid and seteuid function

Question

Program 1: Example with setuid ()

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<sys/types.h>
    #include<unistd.h>
    void main()
    {
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
        setuid(1000);
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
        setuid(1014);
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
    }

Output:

    guest $ ./a.out 
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1014
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1000
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1014
    guest $

Program 2: Example using seteuid ()

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<sys/types.h>
    #include<unistd.h>
    void main()
    {
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
        seteuid(1000);
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
        seteuid(1014);
        printf("Real user id = %d, Effective User id = %d\n",getuid(),geteuid());
    }

Output:

    guest $ ./a.out 
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1014
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1000
    Real user id = 1000, Effective User id = 1014
    guest $

Both programs give the same output. So what is the difference between these two functions? According to the link (man page), both functions are used to set the effective user ID of the process. Where is the functionality different between the two programs?

Answer 1

The documentation quite clearly describes the difference:

root , ID- . setuid() , , , , uid. root.

, set-user-ID-root, root, , root setuid(). seteuid.