, .
>>> class Foo(object):
... a = 1
... b = 2
... def __init__(self, c,d):
... self.c = c
... self.d = d
... def bar(self):
... return self.a,self.b,self.c,self.d
...
>>> f = Foo(3,4)
>>> _f = pickle.dumps(f)
>>> f.c,f.d = f.d,f.c
>>> f.b,f.a = f.a,f.b
>>> f_ = pickle.loads(_f)
>>> f_.bar()
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> f.bar()
(2, 1, 4, 3)
, , . , python , , , , -, .
>>> g = Foo(3,4)
>>> _g = pickle.dumps(g)
>>> g.c,g.d = g.d,g.c
>>> Foo.a,Foo.b = Foo.b,Foo.a
>>> g_ = pickle.loads(_g)
>>> g_.bar()
(2, 1, 3, 4)
>>> g.bar()
(2, 1, 4, 3)
, - . , .
>>> Foo.a = []
>>> Foo.zap = lambda self:self.a
>>> Foo.baz = lambda self,x:self.a.append(x)
>>>
>>> h = Foo(3,4)
>>> h.baz(0)
>>> h.baz(1)
>>> h.zap()
[0, 1]
>>> _h = pickle.dumps(h)
>>> h.baz(2)
>>> h.baz(3)
>>> h_ = pickle.loads(_h)
>>> h_.zap()
[0, 1, 2, 3]
, class, . .
" " (.. ), dill
. dill
.
>>> import dill
>>> _h = dill.dumps(h)
>>> h.baz(4)
>>> h.baz(5)
>>> h_ = dill.loads(_h)
>>> h_.zap()
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> h.zap()
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]