The compiler does not support any form of tools specifically for profiling (for example, -p/ -pg/ -prof), but compiled Rust programs can be profiled using tools that do not require special tools, such as tools on OS X, as well as perf or callgrind on Linux.
I believe that such tools support DWARF debuginfo (as emitted -g) to provide more detailed performance diagnostics (for each line, etc.), but turning on optimizations leads to chaos with debugging information, and this never worked for me. When I analyze performance, immersion in asm is very common.
Making it easier would be very nice, and snap-in is a post-1.0 priority .