How can I send a multi-page html entry with multiple urls?

Question

I speak with gmail api and would like to request requests. They have a friendly guide for this here, https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/guides/batch , which suggests that I should be able to use multipart / mixed and include different URLs.

I use Python and the Requests library, but I'm not sure how to release different URLs. Answers like this How to send "multipart / form-data" with requests in python? no option to change this part is mentioned.

How to do it?

Answer 1

Unfortunately, requests do not support multipart / mixed in their API. This has been suggested in several GitHub questions ( # 935 and # 1081 ), but there are no updates to this at the moment. This also becomes very clear if you are looking for “mixed” in the query sources and get zero results :(

You now have several options, depending on how much you want to use Python and third-party libraries.

Google API Client

API Python, Google . HttpBatchRequest, . .

, HttpBatchRequest . ( ):

batch = BatchHttpRequest()
batch.add(service.animals().list(), callback=list_animals)
batch.add(service.farmers().list(), callback=list_farmers)
batch.execute(http=http)

, - Google, .

request + email.mime

, multipart/mixed. , "" . Request files .

files - , 4- : ( , file_object, content_type, headers). . Request (). , Google. , Google Python:

import requests
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.nonmultipart import MIMENonMultipart

BASE_URL = 'http://www.googleapis.com/batch'

def serialize_request(request):
    '''Returns the string representation of the request'''
    mime_body = ''

    prepared = request.prepare()

    # write first line (method + uri)
    if request.url.startswith(BASE_URL):
        mime_body = '%s %s\r\n' % (request.method, request.url[len(BASE_URL):])
    else:
        mime_body = '%s %s\r\n' % (request.method, request.url)

    part = MIMENonMultipart('application', 'http')

    # write headers (if possible)
    for key, value in prepared.headers.iteritems():
        mime_body += '%s: %s\r\n' % (key, value)

    if getattr(prepared, 'body', None) is not None:
        mime_body += '\r\n' + prepared.body + '\r\n'

    return mime_body.encode('utf-8').lstrip()

requests.Request UTF-8, MIMENonMultipart, .

, , (API Google) files lib. requests.Request, MIMENonMultipart , files:

import uuid

def prepare_requests(request_list):
    message = MIMEMultipart('mixed')
    output = {}

    # thanks, Google. (Prevents the writing of MIME headers we dont need)
    setattr(message, '_write_headers', lambda self: None)

    for request in request_list:
        message_id = new_id()
        sub_message = MIMENonMultipart('application', 'http')
        sub_message['Content-ID'] = message_id
        del sub_message['MIME-Version']

        sub_message.set_payload(serialize_request(request))

        # remove first line (from ...)
        sub_message = str(sub_message)
        sub_message = sub_message[sub_message.find('\n'):]

        output[message_id] = ('', str(sub_message), 'application/http', {})

    return output

def new_id():
    # I am not sure how these work exactly, so you will have to adapt this code
    return '<item%s:[e-mail]>' % str(uuid.uuid4())[-4:]

, Content-Type multipart/form-data multipart/mixed, Content-Disposition Content-Type . files.

import re

def finalize_request(prepared):
    # change to multipart/mixed
    old = prepared.headers['Content-Type']
    prepared.headers['Content-Type'] = old.replace('multipart/form-data', 'multipart/mixed')

    # remove headers at the start of each boundary
    prepared.body = re.sub(r'\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=.+\r\nContent-Type: application/http\r\n', '', prepared.body)

Google Batching:

sheep = {
  "animalName": "sheep",
  "animalAge": "5",
  "peltColor": "green"
}

commands = []
commands.append(requests.Request('GET', 'http://www.googleapis.com/batch/farm/v1/animals/pony'))
commands.append(requests.Request('PUT', 'http://www.googleapis.com/batch/farm/v1/animals/sheep', json=sheep, headers={'If-Match': '"etag/sheep"'}))
commands.append(requests.Request('GET', 'http://www.googleapis.com/batch/farm/v1/animals', headers={'If-None-Match': '"etag/animals"'}))

files = prepare_requests(commands)

r = requests.Request('POST', 'http://www.googleapis.com/batch', files=files)
prepared = r.prepare()

finalize_request(prepared)

s = requests.Session()
s.send(prepared)

, Google :

POST http://www.googleapis.com/batch
Content-Length: 1006
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=a21beebd15b74be89539b137bbbc7293

--a21beebd15b74be89539b137bbbc7293

Content-Type: application/http
Content-ID: <item8065:[e-mail]>

GET /farm/v1/animals
If-None-Match: "etag/animals"

--a21beebd15b74be89539b137bbbc7293

Content-Type: application/http
Content-ID: <item5158:[e-mail]>

GET /farm/v1/animals/pony

--a21beebd15b74be89539b137bbbc7293

Content-Type: application/http
Content-ID: <item0ec9:[e-mail]>

PUT /farm/v1/animals/sheep
Content-Length: 63
Content-Type: application/json
If-Match: "etag/sheep"

{"animalAge": "5", "animalName": "sheep", "peltColor": "green"}

--a21beebd15b74be89539b137bbbc7293--

, Google, , :)

. API Google, . HTTP-, Batching. , \r \n, , Google.

:

• github ( # 935 # 1081)
• API
• API Google Python