Get 2D array indices from 1D

Question

So, I am trying to iterate all the elements in a 2D array using a single loop.

Here where I am:

public class Test {
    private static final String[][] key = {
        {"`", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "-", "=", "Backspace"}, // 0 - 13
        {"Tab", "Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P", "[", "]", "\\"},      // 0 - 13
        {"Caps", "A", "S", "D", "F", "G", "H", "J", "K", "L", ";", "'", "Enter"},       // 0 - 12
        {"Shift", "Z", "X", "C", "V", "B", "N", "M", ",", ".", "/", "\u2191"},          // 0 - 11
        {" ", "<", "\u2193", ">"}                                                       // 0 - 3
    };

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final int totalLen = 57;
        String str = "";

        for (int i = 0, row = 0, col = 0; i < totalLen; ++i, ++col) {

            if (row < key.length && i % key[row].length >= key[row].length - 1) {
                ++row;
                col = 0;
                System.out.println(str);
                str = "";
            }

            if (row < key.length)
                str += col + " ";
        }
    }
}

I commented on the range of indices for each row that the above program should output, but this is not the way the logic is faulty. Any suggestions?

Edit: The loop condition should remain unchanged.

Answer 1

Try this solution, it uses a single loop whileand the same loop condition from the question (on request):

String str = "";
int row = 0, col = 0;
int i = 0, totalLen = 57;

while (i < totalLen) {
    if (col < key[row].length) {
        str += col++ + " ";
        i++;
    } else {
        System.out.println(str);
        str = "";
        row++;
        col = 0;
    }
}
System.out.println(str); // prints the last line

Alternatively, if you prefer to use a loop for:

String str = "";
int totalLen = 57;

for (int i = 0, row = 0, col = 0; i < totalLen; i++) {
    str += col++ + " ";
    if (col == key[row].length) {
        row++;
        col = 0;
        System.out.println(str);
        str = "";
    }
}

Any fragment will produce the following output on the console:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 
0 1 2 3

Answer 2

row col, col , row :

for (int row =0, col = 0 ; row != key.length ; col++) {
    System.out.println(row + " " + col);
    if (col == key[row].length-1) {
        row++;
        col = 0;
    }
}

. , .

i , totalLen :

for (int row =0, col = 0, i = 0 ; i != totalLen ; col++, i++) {
    System.out.println(row + " " + col);
    if (col == key[row].length-1) {
        row++;
        col = 0;
    }
}

, totalLen.

Answer 3

, ... . , :

for (int i = 0, row = 0, col = 0; i < totalLen; ++i, ++col) {
    System.out.println("row " + row + ", col " + col);
    // what ever you want to do with your loop, do it here
    // before altering the row and col parameters

    if (col == key[row].length-1) {
        col = -1;   // if end of the row, set col to -1, it will be incremented in the next loop
        row++;
        if(row==key.length){
            break;
        }
    }
}

, @dasblinkenlight, - break, row key. if(i==totalLen), .