Probably .navigator-containeroutdated, so I suggest you get a navigator, using ons-navigatoras an argument for document.querySelector().
Here is the fixed code:
document.addEventListener("backbutton",onBackButtonPressed, false);
function onBackButtonPressed(){
alert('backbutton');
var element = document.querySelector("ons-navigator");
element.popPage();
}
EDIT
, Onsen, 1.3.4, , var='myNavigator', :
document.addEventListener("backbutton",onBackButtonPressed, false);
function onBackButtonPressed(){
alert('backbutton');
var element = document.querySelector("ons-navigator");
var scope = angular.element(element).scope();
scope.myNavigator.popPage();
}